记录台指南The score table guide
一页看懂比赛计时钟、iPad 记录和进攻计时钟。内容来自南澳篮球协会的记录台课程，并按 2026 年区联赛规则和国际篮联规则逐条核对。
Everything you need for the game clock, the iPad and the shot clock on one page. Built from the Basketball SA score-table course and checked line by line against the 2026 District rules and the FIBA rules.
iPad 记录员iPad scorer
记录得分、犯规和暂停。iPad 上的记录就是比赛的正式记录。
Records points, fouls and time-outs. The iPad holds the official record of the game.
由 B 队安排Team B provides比赛计时员Game clock
操作计时控制台：开表、停表，把得分、全队犯规和暂停显示到记分牌上。
Runs the console: starts and holds the clock, and puts points, team fouls and time-outs on the scoreboard.
由 A 队安排Team A provides进攻计时员Shot clock
只在使用电子进攻计时钟的完全计时比赛里需要，例如 U14 第一、二级别。
Only needed in Timed games with an electronic shot clock, such as U14 Division 1 and 2.
怎么试用这一页How to try this page
- 裁判手势：标着“动图”的卡片会循环演示动作。
- Referee signals: cards marked “Moving” loop the motion.
- iPad 记录：照右边的练习任务一步步做，做对了会自动打勾。
- iPad scoring: follow the practice tasks on the right; each ticks itself off when done.
- 比赛计时钟：先看讲解视频，再在控制台上做练习任务。
- Game clock: watch the explainer video, then work through the console tasks.
- 进攻计时钟：看视频，用“一步步判断”回答几个问题，再做下面的情景测试（像考驾照的情景题，有动画）。
- Shot clock: watch the video, answer the step-by-step helper, then take the scenario test (animated, like a driving-test scenario quiz).
- 综合练习：最后检查一下自己记住了多少。
- Practice quiz: check what you remember at the end.
iPad、控制台和“一步步判断”下面都有操作演示动图。所有操作只在这一页里进行，不会连接任何真实的记分系统。
The iPad, the console and the shot-clock helper each have an animated demo underneath. Everything happens on this page only; nothing connects to a real scoring system.
开赛前先弄清这几件事Before tip-off
比赛里有三支队伍：A 队、B 队和裁判组。记录台属于裁判组，你的任务是如实记录，不替任何一方说话。
A game has three teams: Team A, Team B and the officials. The table belongs to the officials. Your job is to record accurately, not to take sides.
赛程表上排在前面的队The team listed first
A 队是赛程上先列出的队，B 队是后列出的队。区联赛各队穿自己的颜色，撞色时由 B 队换备用球衣（），所以控制台上印的“A 浅色、B 深色”不能用来判断谁是 A 队。iPad 上 A 队在左边，控制台上 A 队是上面一排键。
Team A is listed first in the fixture and Team B second. In District games clubs wear their own colours and Team B changes on a clash (), so the console's "A Light / B Dark" labels don't tell you who is Team A. On the iPad, Team A is on the left; on the console, Team A is the top row of keys.
- A 队出 iPad 记录员；有电子进攻计时钟时，A 队也出进攻计时员。
- B 队出比赛计时员。
- 值台的人在这场比赛里不能有任何其他身份（例如球员、教练或领队），并且要独立、保持中立。
- 锦标赛决赛轮里，南澳篮球协会可能派技术官员值台，赛区会提前通知各俱乐部（）。
- Team A provides the scorer and, where an electronic shot clock is used, the shot clock operator.
- Team B provides the timekeeper.
- Table officials can have no other role in that game (for example player, coach or team manager), and must act independently and stay neutral.
- In Major Round games Basketball SA may appoint technical officials for the table; the League Manager tells clubs beforehand ().
检查清单Checklist
- iPad 应该已经由领队设好出场名单。
- 把 iPad 上的球衣颜色改成两队真实的颜色。
- 看控制台显示的每节时长对不对。
- 交替拥有箭头先放在中间，不指向任何一方。
- The team manager should hand you an iPad with attendance already set.
- Change the shirt colours on the iPad to match the teams on court.
- Check the console shows the right quarter length.
- Set the possession arrow to neutral, pointing at neither team.
裁判报的三样，就是你要记的Three things from the referee, one foul to record
犯规后，裁判会到记录台前把这三样报给你。三样都清楚了再记。
After a foul, the referee comes to the table and gives you these three things. Record the foul once you have all three.
2号码Number
用手指比出来，见号码手势Shown on the fingers: see number signals
例：4 号e.g. number 4
3犯规类型Foul type
用手势表示，见裁判手势Shown with a signal: see referee signals
例：拉人e.g. holding
哪一样没听清，就请裁判再说一遍。宁可多问一次，也不要把犯规记错人，到第四节才发现就麻烦了。If you missed any of the three, ask the referee to repeat it. Asking once more is far better than a foul on the wrong player that only shows up in the fourth quarter.
裁判报的号码如果不在场上，安静地按一下蜂鸣器提醒就好，不用争论。如果那名球员确实在场上，就算你觉得判错了，也按裁判说的记。
If the referee calls a number that is not on the court, press the siren once, quietly. Don't argue. If that player is on the court, record what the referee said, even if you disagree.
看懂裁判手势Reading the referee
体育馆往往很吵，裁判主要靠手势和记录台沟通。下面这些是值台时真正要用到的手势。
Stadiums are loud, so referees talk to the table mostly with their hands. These are the signals you actually act on.
输入一个球衣号码Type a shirt number
1 到 5 用一只手；6 到 10 用两只手；11 到 15 是右手握拳加左手手指；16 以上先用手背比十位，再用手心比个位。
1 to 5 use one hand; 6 to 10 use two hands; 11 to 15 are a right fist plus left-hand fingers; 16 and above show the tens with the back of the hand, then the units with the palm.
这是几号？Which number is this?
每题随机出一个球衣号码，只显示手势。从下面四个号码里选出正确的一个；选项里放的是容易看错的号码，位置每次都会打乱。
Each round shows a random shirt number as hand signals only. Pick the right one of the four numbers below; the others are easy to mix up, and the order changes every time.
个人犯规和技术犯规挨得很近Personal and Technical sit side by side
大部分犯规都是个人犯规。iPad 上“个人犯规”和“技术犯规”两个按钮紧挨着，按之前看清裁判是不是做了 T 形手势。
Most fouls are personal fouls. On the iPad the PERSONAL and TECHNICAL buttons are right next to each other, so check whether the referee made a T before you press.
得分也一样：三分出手时裁判举一只手；投进后举起双手。如果裁判跑过记录台时比了两根手指，说明是两分，不是三分。
Scoring works the same way: one arm up for a three-point attempt, both arms up when it goes in. If the referee runs past the table showing two fingers, it was a two, not a three.
交替拥有箭头The possession arrow
所有跳球情况（例如争球）都由箭头决定球给谁，第 2 到第 4 节和每个加时开始时也由它决定谁发球。箭头指向的是“下一次拿球那一队的进攻方向”，不是他们坐在哪边。
The arrow decides who gets the ball in every jump-ball situation (such as a held ball), and who throws in to start quarters 2 to 4 and each overtime. It points in the direction the next team will attack, not towards where they sit.
- 开场跳球后：一方控住球，箭头立刻指向另一方的进攻方向。
- 每次争球后：按箭头把球判给一方掷界外球，场上有人碰到球时再转向。
- 第二、三、四节开始：箭头所指的一方开球，场上有人碰到球时转向。
- 半场：两队交换场地，所以箭头要反过来。
- After the opening jump ball: once a team gains control, point the arrow at the other team's direction of play.
- After each held ball: the arrow team throws in. Turn the arrow when the ball is touched on court.
- Start of quarters 2, 3 and 4: the arrow team throws in. Turn it on the first touch on court.
- Half-time: teams swap ends, so reverse the arrow.
其他跳球情况也按箭头给球：例如球出界但裁判不确定谁最后碰到、球卡在篮圈和篮板之间；每个加时开始也一样。
Other jump-ball situations use the arrow too: a ball out of bounds when the referees can't tell who touched it last, or a ball stuck between ring and backboard; so does the start of each overtime.
如果拿到箭头球权的一方在掷界外球时违例（例如踏进场内，或超过 5 秒），这次机会就作废：箭头马上转向对方，球判给对方。
If the team taking the arrow throw-in commits a violation (stepping onto the court, or taking more than 5 seconds, for example), it loses the arrow: turn it to the other team straight away, and the ball goes to them.
为什么等触球才转？如果判了争球之后马上叫暂停，暂停回来裁判会看箭头决定球权。你提前转了，球就会给错队。等触球再转，箭头一直是正确的提醒。
Why wait for the touch? If a time-out follows the held ball, the referee looks at the arrow when play resumes. Turn it early and the ball goes to the wrong team. Waiting keeps the arrow honest.
换人与暂停：什么时候可以Substitutions and time-outs: when
你的工作是在“机会”出现时按蜂鸣器，让裁判知道有人要换人或暂停。裁判同意后，换人或暂停才算开始。
Your job is to press the siren when an opportunity starts, so the referee knows someone wants a substitution or a time-out. It only happens once the referee grants it.
由替补球员自己来申请The substitute asks, not the coach
- 机会：吹哨后（完全计时比赛要等表停住），裁判和记录台沟通完，两队都可以换；最后一次罚球罚中后，两队也都可以换。
- 同一组罚球中间不能主动换人，罚球的球员要罚完；最后一罚罚中后，场上任何人都可以换，只有替受伤、满 5 次犯规或被取消资格的队员罚球的替补，要等下一段比赛计时钟走过之后才能再换下。例外：罚球队员受伤、满 5 次犯规或被取消比赛资格时必须换下，由替补接着罚。最后一罚没进但接着由一方掷界外球时，也可以换人。
- 暂停期间可以换人，换几个都行。
- 机会在掷界外球队员或罚球队员拿到球时结束，之后就不要再按蜂鸣器。
- 流程：替补走到记录台或坐到换人椅 → 你在机会出现时按蜂鸣器 → 裁判示意上场。
- Opportunity: for both teams after a whistle (in a Timed game, once the clock has stopped), when the referee has finished reporting to the table; also for both teams after a successful last free throw.
- No voluntary changes in the middle of a set of free throws; the shooter finishes the set. After a successful last free throw, anyone may be subbed, except a substitute who took the free throws for an injured, fouled-out or disqualified shooter: they stay on until after the next period of game-clock running time. Exceptions: a shooter who is injured, has 5 fouls or is disqualified must be replaced, and the substitute takes the remaining shots; and a missed last free throw that is followed by a throw-in also opens an opportunity.
- During a time-out, teams can make as many changes as they like.
- The opportunity ends once the thrower-in or the free-throw shooter has the ball; don't sound the siren after that.
- Process: the substitute comes to the table or sits in the sub chair → you press the siren at the opportunity → the referee waves them on.
只有主教练或第一助理教练可以申请Only the head coach or first assistant
- 机会：和换人一样，另外对方投篮命中后，未得分的一方也可以叫暂停。
- 次数：上半场 2 次，下半场 3 次；第四节最后 2 分钟内最多用 2 次，所以那时还剩 3 次的话会作废 1 次。每个加时 1 次。用剩的不能带到下半场或加时。
- 每次暂停 1 分钟。按国际篮联规则由计时员计时（50 秒时鸣笛提醒）；课程上讲师说区联赛由裁判掌握这一分钟。
- 流程：机会一出现就按蜂鸣器，裁判没反应就继续按；一般等裁判示意暂停再停表。例外：完全计时比赛里，对已申请暂停的一方投篮命中时，球一进就必须停表。
- Opportunity: the same as substitutions, plus after the opponents score a field goal.
- Allowance: 2 in the first half and 3 in the second half, but no more than 2 once the clock shows 2:00 or less in the fourth quarter, so a team with 3 left at that point loses one. One per overtime. Unused time-outs do not carry over.
- Each time-out lasts 1 minute. Under FIBA the timer times it, with a signal at 50 seconds; the course presenter said referees manage the minute in District games.
- Process: press the siren as soon as the opportunity starts, and keep pressing if the referee doesn't react. Normally you stop the clock when the referee signals the time-out. The exception: in a Timed game, when a basket is scored against a team that has asked for a time-out, you must stop the clock the moment it goes in.
教练常说“下一个进球后暂停”。看到对方投进，就马上按蜂鸣器；在完全计时比赛里，球进网的那一刻必须停表。裁判没听到也不要紧，你已经尽力了。
Coaches often say "time-out on the next score". When the opponents score, press the siren straight away. In a Timed game you must stop the clock the moment the ball goes through. If the referee still misses it, you have done your job.
第四节和每个加时的最后 2 分钟，在后场拥有球权的一方叫暂停后，教练可以选择到前场的掷界外球线发球。这由裁判执行，你只需要留意进攻计时钟。
In the last 2 minutes of the fourth quarter and of each overtime, a team that calls a time-out with a backcourt throw-in may choose to throw in from its frontcourt throw-in line instead. The referee runs this; you only watch the shot clock.
犯规：哪些要特别分清Fouls: what to tell apart
你不需要判断犯规，只需要把裁判报的类型记到正确的人身上，并留意“五次”和“取消比赛资格”这两个界线。
You never judge a foul. You record the type the referee reports against the right person, and watch for two limits: five fouls, and disqualification.
个人犯规Personal
推人、拉人、阻挡、用手阻止对手都是个人犯规。一名球员累计 5 次就必须下场，可以留在替补席。记下第 5 次时，马上告诉裁判。
Pushing, holding, blocking and hand-checking are all personal fouls. A player with 5 fouls must leave the court but may stay on the bench. When you record the 5th, tell the referee straight away.
技术犯规Technical
态度问题、拍球泄愤、冲裁判喊叫。球员、教练、替补席上的人都可能被判。判给场上球员时，也算全队犯规。区联赛里，对裁判、对手或其他比赛官员表示不满或不尊重，裁判可以判“行为技术犯规”：对方罚球两次，再在边线掷界外球（）。
国际篮联 2026 年版把技术犯规分成两类：第 1 类（例如不尊重、嘲讽、假摔、挥肘）计入取消比赛资格，第 2 类（例如拖延比赛、吊篮圈）不计入；罚则仍是罚球 1 次（）。
Behaviour: dissent, slamming the ball, shouting at the referee. Players, coaches and bench members can all get one. When charged to a player, it also counts as a team foul. In District games the referee can give a Behavioural Technical Foul for dissent or disrespect towards a referee, opponent or match official: the opponents get two free throws plus possession from the sideline ().
FIBA 2026 splits technicals into Category 1 (such as disrespect, taunting, faking a foul, swinging elbows), which counts towards disqualification, and Category 2 (such as delaying the game or hanging on the ring), which does not; the penalty is still 1 free throw ().
违反体育道德犯规Unsportsmanlike
不是正当地抢球，或者接触过分。只有场上球员会被判。手势是抓住手腕举过头顶。
国际篮联 2026 年版：改为“干扰犯规”（握拳后在面部高度比 2，不计入取消比赛资格）和“恶意犯规”（就是这个抓手腕手势，计入）。我们没找到南澳篮球协会在区联赛采用的通知；课程上的 iPad 用的是 UNSPORTSMANLIKE 按钮（）。
Contact that is not a legitimate play on the ball, or is excessive. Only players can get one. The signal is grasping the wrist above the head.
FIBA 2026: replaced by the disruptive foul (fist, then 2 fingers at face level; does not count towards disqualification) and the flagrant foul (this same wrist-grasp signal; counts). We found no Basketball SA notice adopting this for District games; the iPad at the course had an UNSPORTSMANLIKE button ().
取消比赛资格Disqualifying
被取消比赛资格的人必须离开比赛场地，回更衣室或离开场馆，不能留在看台上看。区联赛里，如果没有更衣室，或者被罚的是未成年人，就到看不到球场的地方（）。
A disqualified person must leave: go to the dressing room or leave the building. They cannot watch from the stands. In District games, if there is no change room or the person is a minor, they move somewhere away from the court where they cannot see it ().
每节第 5 次起罚球From the 5th in a quarter: free throws
每节计算一次。一队本节已有 4 次全队犯规后，再对没有投篮的球员犯个人犯规（防守犯规），对方罚球两次，代替掷界外球。对投篮球员的犯规照常按投篮罚球。控球队犯规（进攻犯规）仍然算全队犯规，但改为对方掷界外球，不罚球。第四节和加时最后 2 分钟，球还在裁判手里或在掷球队员手中准备掷界外球时，防守队员对场上对手犯个人犯规，只罚 1 次并继续掷界外球，不管全队犯规多少（国际篮联 2026 年版：只算掷球队员已拿到球之后）。加时赛的犯规算进第四节（）。
They count per quarter. Once a team has 4 team fouls in the quarter, each further personal foul it commits on a player who is not shooting gives the opponents two free throws instead of a throw-in. Fouls on a shooter are penalised as shooting fouls, as usual. A foul by the team in control (an offensive foul) still counts as a team foul, but the penalty is a throw-in, not free throws. In the last 2 minutes of Q4 and overtime, a personal foul by a defender on an opponent on the court, while the ball is still with the referee or the thrower-in for a throw-in, gives 1 free throw plus the throw-in, whatever the team-foul count (FIBA 2026: only once the thrower-in has the ball). Overtime fouls count as fourth-quarter fouls ().
- 球员：2 次技术犯规，或 2 次违反体育道德犯规，或各 1 次。国际篮联 2026 年版：2 次第 1 类技术犯规、2 次恶意犯规，或各 1 次；干扰犯规和第 2 类技术犯规不计入。
- 主教练：自己被判 2 次技术犯规（记作 C）；或累计 3 次：全部是替补席技术犯规（记作 B），或 1 次 C 加 2 次 B。国际篮联 2026 年版还把随队人员被取消资格（记作 BD）算进这 3 次，但打架时离开替补席或参与打架而加记的 BD 不算。
- 裁判可以直接判取消比赛资格，不需要先有警告。
- Player: 2 technical fouls, or 2 unsportsmanlike fouls, or one of each. FIBA 2026: 2 Category 1 technicals, 2 flagrant fouls, or one of each; disruptive fouls and Category 2 technicals don't count.
- Head coach: 2 technical fouls for their own behaviour (entered as C); or 3 in total, either all bench technicals (entered as B) or one C plus two B. FIBA 2026 also counts an accompanying member’s disqualification (entered as BD) towards those three, except the BD entries for leaving the bench area in a fight or taking part in one.
- A referee can disqualify someone straight away, without any warning first.
国际篮联 2026 年版规则FIBA's 2026 rules
2026 年 10 月 1 日起生效，NBL 从 2026–27 赛季开始使用。“违反体育道德犯规”拆成“干扰犯规”和“恶意犯规”；技术犯规分成第 1 类和第 2 类。球员累计 2 次第 1 类技术犯规、2 次恶意犯规，或各 1 次，就被取消比赛资格。
In force from 1 October 2026; the NBL uses them from the 2026–27 season. Unsportsmanlike fouls split into disruptive and flagrant fouls, and technical fouls into Category 1 and Category 2. Two Category 1 technicals, two flagrant fouls, or one of each, disqualify a player.
课程上讲师说，区联赛要到 2027 年才改用新规则，iPad 上新加的按钮暂时不用。这是课程里的说法，正式通知请以南澳篮球协会为准。
At the course, the presenter said District competitions will switch in 2027, and the new buttons on the iPad are not used yet. That is the course's statement; check Basketball SA for the official notice.
iPad 记录（BasketballConnect）iPad scoring (BasketballConnect)
下面是按课程截图重画的练习版界面，球员名字都是虚构的。先点人再点动作，或者先点动作再点人，两种顺序都可以。
Below is a practice redraw of the app, based on the course screenshots. All player names are made up. Tap the player then the action, or the action then the player; either order works.
看操作演示（动图）Watch a demo (animated)
演示：按 START 开表 → 点左边队伍 4 号 → 点 +2 → 点右边队伍 6 号 → 点 PERSONAL → 点左边队伍的 T/O Left → 点 Yes 确认暂停。橙色圆圈表示点击的位置。Demo: START the clock → tap Kestrels #4 → tap +2 → tap Comets #6 → tap PERSONAL → tap the Kestrels T/O Left box → Yes to confirm the time-out. The orange ring shows each tap.
只用黄色得分键Use the yellow points keys
+1、+2、+3 是得分。带 M 的粉色键记录的是投失，属于统计功能，值台时不用管。
+1, +2 and +3 add points. The pink keys with an M record missed shots for statistics; you can ignore them at the table.
Undo 只撤销一步Undo goes back one step
每队名字下面的 Undo 只撤销这一队的最后一个操作。发现更早的错误时，下一次死球就按蜂鸣器告诉裁判，由裁判决定什么时候改、怎么改：有些错误必须在时限内改正。如果裁判同意稍后再改，课程建议在节间或半场，和裁判或赛区负责人一起用设置里的操作记录来改。
Undo under each team removes only that team's last action. If you find an older mistake, sound the siren at the next dead ball and tell the referee, who decides when and how it is corrected: some errors must be fixed before a deadline. If the referee is happy for it to wait, the course advised making the edit in the action log under settings at a quarter or half-time break, with the referee or venue supervisor.
时间以计时钟为准The game clock owns the time
iPad 上的时间只用于统计。课程建议让它比比赛计时钟稍微慢一点，比如落后 10 到 20 秒，免得它先到零就弹出结束提示。
The iPad clock is only for statistics. The course suggests keeping it slightly behind the game clock, say 10 to 20 seconds, so it never reaches zero first and pops up the end-of-period prompt.
比赛计时钟（LGE CC6 控制台）Game clock (LGE CC6 console)
控制台上大部分键都不用碰。下面的复刻版可以直接点，上方的记分牌会跟着变化。灰色键是“不要按”的键，点一下会告诉你原因。
Most keys on the console stay untouched. The replica below is clickable, and the scoreboard above it follows along. Grey keys are the ones to leave alone; tap one to see why.
- 完全计时：吹哨按 HOLD；场上有人碰到球按 START。
- 非完全计时：开表后让它走，只在暂停时停；第四节最后 3 分钟改为完全计时。
- 区联赛里，投篮命中本身不停表，最后两分钟也一样；只有被投进的一方已经申请暂停时才停。
- 得分键每按一次加 1 分，三分球按三下。
- 第 4 次全队犯规后再按一下，罚则灯亮（课程上的控制台这时显示 5，这是罚则标记，不是第 5 次犯规；国际篮联规定在第 4 次犯规后、恢复比赛时亮起）。
- 按错了：先在那一项加 1，再用 ERROR 减回去。
- 记分牌和 iPad 不一致时，以 iPad 为准。
- Timed: HOLD on the whistle; START when a player on court touches the ball.
- Untimed: start it and let it run; stop only for time-outs. The last 3 minutes of the fourth quarter are timed.
- In District games a made basket does not stop the clock on its own, even in the last two minutes; it stops only if the team scored against has asked for a time-out.
- Each score press adds 1 point: three presses for a three-pointer.
- After the 4th team foul, one more press lights the penalty lamp (the console at the course then reads 5: that marks the penalty, it is not a fifth foul; FIBA has the indicator on once play resumes after the 4th foul).
- Pressed the wrong one? Add 1 to that counter, then ERROR it back.
- If the scoreboard and the iPad disagree, the iPad wins.
看操作演示（动图）Watch a demo (animated)
演示：按 START 开表 → 吹哨按 HOLD → A 队得分键按两下（2 分）→ 不小心按了 B 队犯规键 → 按 ERROR 减回去 → 点一个灰色键，看为什么不要按。Demo: START the clock → HOLD on the whistle → press Team A SCORE twice (2 points) → press Team B TEAM FOULS by mistake → ERROR takes it back → tap a grey key to see why it stays untouched.
进攻计时钟：24、14，还是不动Shot clock: 24, 14 or leave it
一个队控球后有 24 秒投篮；球必须在时间到之前出手，并且碰到篮圈或投进。每次吹哨，你只需要回答三个问题：谁控球？在哪里掷界外球？有没有碰到篮圈？
A team in control has 24 seconds to shoot; the ball must leave the hand before the signal and then touch the ring or go in. At every whistle you answer three questions: who has the ball, where is the throw-in, and did the shot touch the ring?
| 发生了什么What happened | 怎么做Do this |
|---|---|
| 投篮碰到篮圈Shot touches the ring | 先停住，看谁抢到：防守方 24，投篮方 14Stop it, then: defence gets it 24, shooting team gets it 14 |
| 投篮没碰到篮圈Shot misses the ring | 继续走，不要动（防守方控住球的话，就是 24）Keep running (if the defence gains control, 24) |
| 防守方只碰到球，进攻方仍然控球Defender only touches it; offence keeps control | 继续走，不要动Keep running |
| 比赛中对方抢断Steal in play | 2424 |
| 吹哨后球给对方Whistle, ball to the other team | 对方后场 24；对方前场 14Their backcourt 24; their frontcourt 14 |
| 同队继续控球：防守方把球碰出界Same team keeps it: defence knocked it out | 不动Leave it |
| 同队继续控球：防守犯规或踢球（不罚球）Same team keeps it: defensive foul or kicked ball (no free throws) | 后场 24；前场 14 或以上不动，13 或以下补到 14Backcourt 24; frontcourt 14+ stays, 13 or less becomes 14 |
| 投篮犯规或罚则罚球Free throws for a shooting foul or the team-foul penalty | 重置到 24（不显示）；最后一罚碰框没进：罚球方抢到 14，对方抢到 24。控球队的普通技术犯规（不是区联赛的行为技术犯规）保持原时间；罚球后还有球权的，按那次掷界外球的规则Reset to 24 with no display; after a missed last free throw off the ring, 14 if the shooting team rebounds, 24 if the other team does. An ordinary technical on the team with the ball (not a District behavioural technical) keeps its time; when possession follows the free throws, use that throw-in’s rule |
| 看不清谁控球Can't see who has it | 先不要重置，等明确再说（没碰框就让它继续走）Don't reset yet; wait until it's clear (no ring contact: let it run) |
看判断向导演示（动图）Watch the decision helper (animated)
演示：投篮碰框后进攻方抢到，是 14；防守方抢到，是 24。吹哨后同一队继续控球、原因是防守犯规、在前场发球：停表时 13 秒或以下补到 14，14 秒或以上不动。Demo: a shot touches the ring and the offence gets it, 14; the defence gets it, 24. Whistle, same team keeps it for a defensive foul with a frontcourt throw-in: 13 or less becomes 14, 14 or more stays.
U14：过半场才开始U14: starts in the frontcourt
区联赛 U14 完全计时比赛里，每一个新的 24 秒都从球队在前场控球时才开始，所以后场抢到篮板、抢断或后场发球时先不要开（U10、U12 和 U14 非完全计时比赛由裁判数秒，也是这样；）。其他规则都照常：比如球队失误，对方从自己的前场发球，仍然是 14。
In District U14 Timed games, every new 24 starts only when the team has the ball in its frontcourt, so don't start it on a backcourt rebound, steal or throw-in (referees count the same way in U10, U12 and U14 Untimed games; ). Every other rule still applies: a turnover that gives the other team a throw-in in its frontcourt is still 14.
碰框要停Ring touched? Stop it
碰到篮圈后，在有人抢到球之前先停住，这样计时钟不会在没人控球时误响。高水平比赛里，进攻计时员看到没碰框会说一声“没碰到”，让大家都知道计时还在走。
After the ball touches the ring, stop the clock until someone gains control, so it cannot sound in error while nobody has the ball. At senior level the operator says "didn't hit" aloud when a shot misses the ring, so everyone knows it is still running.
按错了怎么办Pressed the wrong reset?
不用慌，也不用让它倒数回去。课程上演示的控制器：按住红键，再按绿键加 1 秒、按蓝键减 1 秒。你们场馆的控制器可能不一样，第一次用时问一下赛区负责人。
Don't panic, and don't let it run down. On the controller shown at the course, hold red, then press green to add a second or blue to take one off. Your venue's unit may differ, so ask the venue supervisor the first time.
时间到时球还在空中The horn sounds with the ball in the air
球出手后蜂鸣器才响：投进或碰到篮圈都不算违例，比赛继续。没碰到篮圈就是违例；但如果防守方马上明确控住球，就不理会这次蜂鸣，比赛继续，防守方 24。是否“马上明确控住”由裁判判断，你按裁判的处理来操作（）。
If the ball has left the hand when the horn sounds and then goes in or touches the ring, there is no violation and play goes on. If it misses the ring it is a violation, but if the defence gains immediate, clear control, the signal is disregarded, play continues and the defence gets 24. The referee judges whether control was immediate and clear; you follow the call ().
每节最后不到 14 秒Under 14 seconds left in the quarter
死球、比赛计时钟停住后，如果一方新获得控球，而比赛计时钟剩下不到 14 秒，进攻计时钟要关掉（不显示）。有的控制台会自动处理，第一次遇到请问赛区负责人。
After a dead ball with the game clock stopped, when either team gains new control and there are less than 14 seconds on the game clock, the shot clock is switched off (no display). Some consoles do this automatically; ask the venue supervisor the first time.
你孩子的比赛用哪套规则Which rules does your game use?
计时规则每个赛事都不一样。以下是南澳篮球协会 2026 年区联赛的规定（）。其他赛事请查各自的规则。
Timing rules differ between competitions. These are the Basketball SA District League rules for 2026 (). Other competitions have their own rules.
完全计时Timed
每次吹哨都停表。开表时机：跳球时球被合法拍到；掷界外球时场上球员碰到球；最后一次罚球没进、球仍是活球时，场上球员碰到球。进攻计时钟在有一方控球时响了，也要停表。投篮命中本身不停表，最后两分钟也一样；只有被投进的一方已经申请暂停时，球进就停表（）。
The clock stops on every whistle. It starts when the ball is legally tapped at a jump ball, when a player on court touches a throw-in, or when a player on court touches the ball after a missed last free throw. It also stops when the shot clock sounds while a team has the ball. A made basket does not stop it on its own, even in the last two minutes; it stops only when the team scored against has asked for a time-out ().
非完全计时Untimed
表一直走，只在暂停时停；暂停后场上球员碰到球再开表。第四节最后 3 分钟改为完全计时。节间休息不超过 1 分钟，半场休息不超过 2 分钟。
加时Overtime
只有分级赛季和锦标赛决赛轮会打加时；季前赛和锦标赛常规轮打平就算平局。加时 3 分钟，休息 1 分钟后开始；每队每个加时 1 次暂停；全队犯规接着第四节算。分级赛季的加时按完全计时（）。
The clock runs and stops only for time-outs; after a time-out it restarts when a player on court touches the ball. The last 3 minutes of the fourth quarter are Timed. Quarter breaks are at most 1 minute and half-time at most 2 minutes.
Overtime is played only in Grading and Championship Major Round games; Pre-Season and Minor Round ties stand as draws. Each overtime is 3 minutes after a 1-minute break, with 1 time-out per team, and team fouls carry on from the fourth quarter. In Grading games overtime is played Timed ().
NBL 等职业联赛使用国际篮联规则：最后两分钟投篮命中会停表，所有比赛都有电子进攻计时钟。不要把职业比赛的习惯带到区联赛。Professional leagues such as the NBL play FIBA rules: a made basket stops the clock in the last two minutes, and every game has an electronic shot clock. Don't bring those habits to District games.
练一练Practice
每题都来自课程里讲过的情况，并标出依据。答错没关系，看解释就好。
Each question comes from a situation covered at the course, with its source. Wrong answers are fine: read the explanation.
来源与术语Sources and terms
规则以正式文件为准。课程录音里有些说法和正式规则不一致时，下面会注明，并给出正式规则。
The official documents win. Where the course recording differs from the official rules, this page notes it below and gives the official rule.
值台时常听到的词和它们的意思。Words you will hear at the table, and what they mean.
这是练习用的模拟器，不连接任何真实的计分软件或控制台，也不代表国际篮联、NBL、南澳篮球协会、BasketballConnect 或控制台厂商；这些名称只用来说明规则和设备。iPad 和控制台的样子按课程照片重画；iPad、控制台和进攻计时控制器的操作都是简化模型，课程截图来自一个打上下半场的比赛。视频旁白使用合成语音。裁判手势和号码手势插图由 Google Gemini 为本页生成，并逐张对照国际篮联规则附录 A 的手势说明检查过手指数量和动作。图标来自 Lucide（ISC 许可）。
This is a practice simulator. It connects to no real scoring software or console, and it is not affiliated with FIBA, the NBL, Basketball SA, BasketballConnect or the console maker; their names are used only to identify the rules and equipment. The iPad and console are redrawn from the course photos; the iPad, console and shot-clock controller behaviour are simplified models, and the course screenshots come from a competition played in halves. Video narration uses a synthetic voice. The referee and hand-number illustrations were generated with Google Gemini for this page, and each one was checked against the FIBA Appendix A signal descriptions for finger count and pose. Icons are from Lucide (ISC licence).
值台遇到问题，先问当天的赛区负责人；课程讲师也欢迎大家联系，请新手第一次值台时找人陪坐。
If something comes up at the table, ask the venue supervisor on the day. The course presenter also invited newcomers to get in touch and have someone experienced sit with them the first time.